S 1186a

A.D. 799 x 801. Pilheard, comes of Coenwulf, king of Mercia, declares that he has obtained immunities for his 30-hide estate in Middlesex, in return for 200 solidi and an annual render of 30 solidi. The land is to be free from all public renders and burdens and from fines at folk-moots, but the landowner shall still be liable to construction of bridges and fortifications and shall owe the military service of five men. Latin

Archive:

Canterbury, Christ Church

MSS:

1. London, British Library, Cotton Augustus ii. 27 (BM Facs., i. 9; Ch.L.A., iii, no. 186)

Printed:

K, 116; B, 201; Earle, pp. 47-9; Pierquin, Recueil, pt 1, no. 53

Translated:

Whitelock, EHD, no. 73 (pp. 501-2)

Comments:

Sweet, OET, p. 430 (no. 12); Stevenson 1914, pp. 691 n. 16, 696 n. 37, on reservation clause; PN Middx, p. 85; Stenton 1955, p. 42, cited; Löfvenberg 1962, p. 40, on a reading; Ch.L.A., iii, no. 186, original, the cross after King Coenwulf's (first) attestation may be autograph; Bruckner 1965, pp. 29, 41, on script, on cross; Stenton 1971, pp. 291, 298, on reference to military service; Finberg 1972, pp. 448, 463, on reference to folk-moots; Gelling, ECTV, no. 202, original; Brooks 1984, p. 142, pilheard may be error for Wilheard; Campbell 1989, p. 34; Keynes 1993a, p. 116 n. 34, note on witness-list; Cubitt 1995, pp. 278-9; Bailey 1996, p. 66; Brown 1996, pp. 166, 168, on script; Wormald, English Law, p. 108 n. 376; Lowe 2001, Appendix III.27

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    • Has igitur cartulas donationum vel commutationum prænominatorum reguum Æthelbaldi videlicet atque Offani cum ad me usque pervenerunt . Ego Pilheardus misellus comis regis Merciorum Coenuulfi justissime adquirens accipi . easque in synodali conciliabulo juxta locum qui dicitur Caelichyth . coram rege jam nominato Merciorum et præsulibus ecclesiarum Dei necnon et ducibus seu principibus produxi et per pecuniam a piisimo jam tum domino meo rege Merciorum libertatem terrarum illarum consecutus sum . id est . cc . solidis . et ut postea in diebus meis vel successorum meorum omni anno . xxx . et ut ab omnium fiscalium redituum operum onerumque seu etiam popularium conciliorum . vindictis nisi tantum . prætium pro prætio liberæ sint in perpetuum . Trium tamen causarum puplicarum ratio reddatur hoc est instructio pontuum et arcis . verum etiam in expeditionis necessitatem vires . v. tantum modo mittantur Huius rei gestæ hi fideles testes aderant quos hæc cartula comprehendit . At nunc ego Coenuulfus Deo dispensante rex Merciorum propriæ donationis meæ libertatem signo sanctæ crucis libentissime Subscribo + . + Ego Æthelheardus Deo largiente archiepiscopus signum venerandæ crucis inpressi . + Ego Unuuona episcopus consensi . + Ego Aldulf episcopus consensi . + Ego Utol episcopus consensi . + Ego Eadulf episcopus consensi . + Ego Deneberht episcopus consensi . + Ego Ha∂oberht episcopus consensi . + Ego Cyneberht episcopus consensi . + Ego Uuigberht episcopus consensi . + Ego Alheard episcopus . + Ego Ti∂fer∂ episcopus . + Uuihthun abbas . + Ego Beonna abbas . + Ego Fol∂red abbas . + Ego Coenuulf Dei dono rex Merciorum consentiendo subscribo . + Ego Hea∂oberht . + Ego Æ∂elmund . + Ego Esne . + Ego Heardberht . + Ego Ceolmund . + Ego Wigga . + Ego Cu∂red . + Ego Osulf . + Ego Beornno∂ . + Ego Cynhelm . + Ego Cyyda .