A.D. 843 (Mereworth, Kent, 28 May). Æthelwulf, king of Wessex and Kent, to Æthelmod, his minister; grant of 10 sulungs (aratra) at (Little) Chart, Kent, with woodland and swine pastures. Latin with bounds

Archive:

Canterbury, Christ Church

MSS:

1. London, British Library, Stowe Charters 17 (s. ix med.; OS Facs., iii. 17; Making of England, p. 257 (no, 232); Parsons 1939, pl. 1)

Printed:

B, 442

Comments:

Sweet, OET, pp. 436-7 (no. 25); Stevenson 1904, p. 203 n. 1, in English script but apparently drafted by a Frank; Stevenson 1914, p. 699 n. 48, contemporary; Deanesly 1927, p. 4 n. 3; Wallenberg, KPN, pp. 184-8, on place-names; Parsons 1939, pp. 15-19, genuine and contemporary, written by Canterbury scribe; Ward 1945, on swine-pastures; Stenton 1955, pp. 47-8, continental draftsman; Chaplais 1965, pp. 56-7, Canterbury scribe of main text and witnesses also wrote B 310, cf. formulation of S 1269 (= 1973, pp. 37-8); Chaplais 1968, p. 332, original, discusses attached scedule of witnesses (= 1973, p. 84); Witney 1976, pp. 262-3, on swine-pastures; Keynes 1978, p. 172 n. 4, on chrismon; Sawyer 1983, p. 295; Brooks 1984, pp. 147-8, 360 n. 67, contemporary; Rumble 1984, p. 46, compares names in memorandum and text; Kelly 1990, p. 44, on schedule of witnesses; The Making of England, pp. 256-7 (no. 232); Keynes 1993a, p. 126; Lapidge 1996, p. 447, notes on latinity; Keynes 1998, pp. 4-5 n. 15, on royal style; Lowe 2001, Appendix III.53; Wormald 2001, p. 266, on hereditary possession; Thompson 2006, pp. 5 et passim, on script

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    • (a) + In nomine altithroni regis aeterni saluatoris mundi Ego Aetheluulf gratia Dei rex occidentalium Saxonum seu etiam Cantuuariorum cum consensu ac licentia meorum sapientum liuenti animo dabo et concedo meo fideli ministro Aethelmode pro eius humili obedientia aliquantulum partem terrae iuris mei hoc est . x . aratrorum in regione Cantiae quodque nominatur on Cert cum campis siluis pratis pascuis uenationibus omnibusque utilitatibus ad eam intus et foras rite ac recte pertinentibus habendam ac possidendam feliciterque in dies eius perfruendum et post dies eius cuicumque ei heredi placuerit derelinquendum liberam per omnia habeat potestatem Hoc ipsumque supradictum agellum uius meae donationis on Cert ab omnium saecularium difficultatum seruitiis liberabo nisi his tantum tribus causis id est expeditione ac pontis constructione et arcis munitione [.........] . Hoc idemque agellum his notissimis terminibus undecumque circumcingitur ab aquilone h[reo]d leag [..........] \alteraque molina . in loca . qui dicitur Noðfreðing/ et suae cildebergas et tycanora ðonne mogancumb æt stenan steaple þonne heardemed et unus singularis silua ad hanc eadem terram pertinens quem nos theodoice snad nominamus \et altera silua in loca qui uocatur Bean eccer quibus termini notissimi sunt et hec sunt/ termini eius ab oriente gyldeburne ab occidente berhteningleag et haec sunt pastus porcorum qui in nostra saxonica lingua denbera uocantur Aetingden <Bidingden> Meredenn Uddanhom Cadaca hrygc Heoratleag [Hwitan... ...be] Hildgaringdenn Tilgeseltha Hlifgesella . Omnibusque successoribus meis in nomine alme et indiuiduae trinitatis hanc meam donationem libertatemque huius praedictae terre fixam incontaminatamque obseruare precipio . Si autem sit quod non optamus aliquis regum aut episcoporum uel principum siue praefectum diabolica temeritate instigatus quod hanc nostram donationem infringere uel minuere aut in aliut conuertere temtauerit quam a nobis constitutum est sciat se a Deo omnipotenti alienatum et aeterne anathematis uinculis esse nodatum nisi digna satisfactione ante ea emendare uoluerit. Actum est autem anno dominice incarnationis . dccc.xliii . indictione .vi. in illa famosa loco quae nominatur Meran worð die .v. kal’ Iunias .ii. feria. His testibus consentientibus et signo sanctae crucis Christi subscribentibus quorum hic nomina infra in cartula karaxata continentur. + Ego Aetheluulf rex hanc meam donationem cum signo sanctae crucis Christi confirmabo et sub’. + Ego Aeðelstan rex cons’ et sub’. + Ego Aeðeluulf dux cons’ et sub’. + Ego Alahhere dux cons’ et sub’. + Ego Freðoric abbas cons’ et sub’. + Ego Aeðelmod cons’ et sub’. + Ego Di\o/ra cons’ et sub’. + Ego Aeðelric cons’ et sub’. + Ego Duduc cons’ et sub’. + Ego Huda cons’ et sub’. + Ego Eanuulf cons’ et sub’. + Ego Lulluc cons’ et sub’. + Ego Ceolnoð gratia Dei archiepiscopus hanc eandem donationem cum signo sanctae crucis Christi confirm’ et sub’. + Ego Uuaerheard presbyter et abbas cons’ et sub’. + Ego Brunheard presbyter cons’ et sub’. + Ego Hysenoð presbyter cons’ et sub’. + Ego Hunred presbyter cons’ et sub’. + Ego Wimund presbyter cons’ et sub’. + Ego Beornferð presbyter cons’ et sub’. + Ego Walahhere diaconus cons’ et sub’. + Ego Noðwulf diaconus cons’ et sub’. + Ego Wærbald subdiaconus cons’ et sub’. (b) Names of witnesses on attached schedule + Æðeluulf rex + Æðelstan rex + Æðeluulf dux + Alhhere dux + Friðeric abbas + Æðelmod cel’ + Dera cel’ + Æðelric minister + Duduc minister + Huda minister + Eanuulf minister + Lulluc minister + Ceolnoð archiepiscopus + Brunheard presbyter + Hysenoð presbyter + Hunred presbyter + Wimund presbyter + Beornferð presbyter + Wealhhere archidiaconus + Werbeald subdiaconus + Noðwulf archidiaconus
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    • Endorsements in s. xi hands: + ∂is is sio boc to Cert . . To cert Ethelwlf Rex dedit chert Ethelmode ministro suo Latine Px In nomine altithroni regis aeterni salvatoris mundi ego Aetheluulf gratia Dei rex occidentalium Saxonum seu etiam Cantuuariorum cum consensu ac licentia meorum sapientum liventi animo dabo 7 concedo meo fideli ministro Aethelmode pro ejus humili obedientia aliquantulam partem terrae juris mei hoc est . x . aratrorum in regione Cantiae quodque nominatur on Cert cum campis silvis pratis pascuis venationibus omnibusque utilitatibus ad eam intus 7 foras rite ac recte pertinentibus 7 post dies ejus cuicumque ei heredi placuerit derelinquendum liberam per omnia habeat potestatem hoc ipsumque supradictum agellum ujus meae donationis on Cert ab omnium saecularium difficultatum servitus liberabo nisi his tantum tribus causis id est expeditione ac pontis constructione 7 arcis munitione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ∂one . . . . . ford . . . . . . hoc idemque agellum his notissimis terminibus unde cumque circum cingitur ab aquilone in leag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , 'alteraque molina in loca qui dicitur no∂fue∂ing' 7 suae cildebergas 7 tycanora ∂onne mogancumb æt stænan steaple , ˇonne heardemed 7 unus singularis silva ad hanc eadem terram pertinens quem nos theodoice snad nominamus '7 altera silva in loca qui vocatur bean eccer quibus termini notissimi sunt' , et hec sunt termini ejus ab oriente gyldeburne ab occidente berhteningleag et haec sunt pastus porcorum qui in nostra saxonica lingua denbera vocantur ætingden lidingden meredenn uddanhom cadaca hrygc heoratleag hwitan . . ede hildgaringdenn tilgeseltha hlifgesella . Omnibusque successoribus meis in nomine alme 7 individuae trinitatis hanc meam donationem libertatemque huius praedictae terre , fixam incontaminatamque observare præcipio , Si autem sit quod non optamus aliquis regum aut episcoporum vel principum sive praefectum diabolica temeritate instigatus quod hanc nostram donationem infringere vel minuere aut in aliut convertere temtaverit quam a nobis constitutum est sciat se a Deo omnipotenti alienatum et aeterne anathematis vinculis esse nodatum nisi digna satisfactione ante ea emendare voluerit , Actum est autem anno dominice incarnationis , dccc , xliii , indictione , vi , in illa famosa loco quae nominatur Meran wor∂ die , v , k'l . Junias . ii . feria . His testibus consentientibus 7 signo sanctae crucis Christi subscribentibus quorum hic nomina infra in cartula karaxata continentur , + Ego Aetheluulf rex hanc meam donationem cum signo sanctae crucis Christi confirmabo 7 sub' ; + Ego Ae∂elstan rex cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Ae∂eluulf dux cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Alahhere dux cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Fre∂oric abbas cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Ae∂elmod cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Di'o'ra cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Ae∂elric cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Duduc cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Huda cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Eanuulf cons' 7 sub' . + Ego Lulluc cons' 7 sub' . + Ego Ceolno∂ gratia Dei archiepiscopus hanc eandem donationem cum signo sanctae crucis Christi confirmabo 7 sub' , + Ego Uuaeheard presbiter 7 abbas cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Brunheard presbiter cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Hyseno∂ presbiter cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Hunred presbiter cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Wimund presbiter cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Beornfer∂ presbiter cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Walahhere diaconus cons' 7 sub' , + Ego No∂wulf diaconus cons' 7 sub' , + Ego Wærbald subdiaconus cons' 7 sub' , On a small piece of vellum attached to the right hand lower corner of the charter, the following signatures - + Æ∂eluulf rex . + Æ∂elstan rex . + Æ∂eluulf dux . + Alhhere dux . + Fri∂eric abbas . + Æ∂elmod cel' . + Dera cel' . + Æ∂elric minister . + Duduc minister . + Huda minister . + Eanuulf minister . + Lulluc minister . + Ceolno∂ archiepiscopus . + Brunheard presbiter . + Hyseno∂ presbiter . + Hunred presbiter . + Wimund presbiter . + Beornfer∂ presbiter . + Wealhhere archidiaconus . + Werbeald subdiaconus . + No∂wulf archidiaconus .