S 303

A.D. 854 (Wilton, Wilts., 22 April). Æthelwulf, king of Wessex, to the Church; general grant of lands and privileges with a list of the Glastonbury estates affected, namely 5 hides at Buckland Newton, Dorset; 6 at Pennard, Somerset; 1 at Cetenes felda; 6 at Cerawycombe (? Crowcombe, Somerset); 10 hides at Sowy (cf. Middlezoy, Westonzoyland), 3 at Puriton, 1.5 at Montacute (Lodegaresbergh), Somerset; 1.5 at Culmstock, 0.5 at Monk Okehampton and 0.5 at Braunton, Devon ('Second Decimation'). Latin with English bounds

Archive:

Glastonbury

MSS:

1. Longleat, Marquess of Bath, 39, f. 59r (s. xiv med.)
2. Oxford, Bodleian Library, Wood empt. 1 (S.C. 8589), f. 67v (s. xiv)
3. Lost Glastonbury Liber Terrarum, no. 136 (see Abrams 1996, p. 34)

Printed:

K, 1050, ex MS 2; Mon. Angl. (rev. edn), i. 42 (no. 62), ex MS 2; Thorpe, pp. 106-7, ex MS 2; B, 472, ex MS 2; Watkin, Glastonbury Cart., i. 143-4 (no. 202), ex MS 1

Comments:

HS, pp. 638, 640, doubtful; Stevenson 1904, pp. 186-91, 199, dubious; Stenton 1918, p. 445 n. 57, spurious (= Stenton 1970, p. 59 n. 3); Turner 1951; Finberg 1953, p. 32 n. 12 a; Robertson, Charters, p. 275, dubious; Finberg, ECW, no. 408, authentic, cf. chap. vi; Brooks 1974, pp. 230-1, rejects Finberg's arguments; Scott 1981, pp. 112, 201 n. 105, William of Malmesbury adds references to Occenefell and Downhead, Somerset; Keynes and Lapidge 1983, pp. 232-4 n. 23, derives ultimately from an 11th-century forgery; Fleming 1985, p. 256, cited; Costen 1992, pp. 39,40, 41-2, on Montacute, Pennard, and Sowy; Hooke 1994, pp. 100-1; Keynes 1994b, pp. 1119-23, basic form of Second Decimation charters seems acceptable; Abrams 1996, pp. 28, 34, 56-7, 64-5, 66-9, 86-7, 101-3, 115, 160-2, 177-8, 196-7, 207, 214, 218-20, 236, 239-40, 322-4, on MS sources, on estates; list of estate may be genuinely early; Pratt, Alfred, pp. 66-7, on decimation

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    • + Regnante imperpetuum domino nostro Jhesu Christo summo et ineffabili rerum creatori omnium tempora qui sua multimoda disponens temporibus potencia ut voluerit finem inponet et hac vita degentibus cunctis tertum atque posuerit dierum terminum constituerit iccirco cunctis agendum ut hic bonis actibus future beatitudinis felicitatem perpetualiter adipisci mereantur . Quapropter ego Athelwlf gracia Dei occidentalium Saxonum rex in sancta ac celeberima paschali sollempnitate pro mee remedio anime et regni prosperitate et populi ab omnipotenti Deo michi collata salute consilium cum episcopis comitibus cunctisque optimatibus meis ego humiliter pro amore Dei perfeci . ut decimam partem terrarum per regnum nostrum non solum sanctis ecclesiis dare verumetiam et ministris nostris in eisdem constitutis in perpetuam libertatem habere concessimus ita ut talis donacio fixa incommutabilisque permaneat ab omni regali servicio et omnium secularium absoluta servitute placuitque Athelstano Schirabornensis ecclesie episcopo . et Swithino episcopo . Wyntonceastrensis ecclesie cum omnibus Deo servientibus ut in unaquaque ebdomada die sabbati unanimis congregacio famulorum famularumque Dei . l . psalmos cantet . et unusquisque frater duas missas . una pro Athelwulpho rege et aliam pro episcopis et ducibus oracio pro rege vivente . 'Deus qui justificas impium' . pro episcopis et ducibus viventibus . 'Pretende domine' . postquam hii defuncti fuerint pro rege defuncto specialiter pro episcopis et principibus defunctis communiter hanc conferentibus donacionem ut tam roborata perseveret quamdiu fides christianaque religio in Anglorum gente inconcussa pervigeat . Hoc in honorem domini nostri Jhesu Christi fecimus et beate ac semper virginis Marie ac omnium sanctorum et paschalis festi reverencia ut Deus omnipotens nobisque et nostris posteris misericordiam afferte et hoc sub testimonia fratrum nostrorum plurimorum ad confirmacionem quorum nomina subter annexa vocentur . Scripta est hec cartula anno dominice incarnacionis .dcccliiii. indictione prima die vero paschali in psallatorio quod dicitur Wiltone terra ista quam in libertatem ponimus ad ecclesiam pertinentem . to Glastingaburi . Limites. ˝at is ∂anne erest on Boklond toun . fif hide . in be pennard . sex hidas . on Cotenesfelda . an . hywysce . and on . Cerawicombe . and ˇoˇer del of branok . hyalf hiwisce . and al ˇat oˇer del . Qui hanc augere voluerit nostre donacionem satisfactionis augeat Deus omnipotens dies ejus prosperos . Si vero quos minuere vel immutare presumpserit noscat se ante tribunal Christi redditurum racionem nisi prius satisfactione emendaverit . + Ego Athelwolf rex subscripsi . + Swithon episcopus . + Athelstanus episcopus . + Anelwlf dux . + Wlfer . dux . + Wulffluf abbas . + Wyefferd abbas . + Athelred frater regis . + Alfreth filius regis . + Esne minister regis .