A.D. 903. King Edward, with Æthelred and Æthelflæd of Mercia, at the request of Æthelfrith, dux, renews the charter of a grant by Coenwulf, king of Mercia, to Beornnoth, comes, of 10 hides (cassati) at Islington, Middx. Latin

Archive:

London, St Paul's

MSS:

1. London, Lincoln's Inn, Hale 84, f. 93v (s. xvii)
2. Oxford, Bodleian Library, James 23 (S.C. 3860), pp. 33-34 (s. xvii; extract only)

Printed:

Gibbs 1939, p. 4 (J. 8), ex MS 2; Keynes 1993b, pp. 310-11, ex MS 1

Printed and Translated:

Keynes 1993b, p. 310

Comments:

Sawyer, Burton, p. 4 n. 1; Keynes 1993b, authentic; Baines 1994; Keynes 1994b, pp. 1143-4, cited; Keynes 2001, pp. 52-4, on Ealdorman Æthelfrith

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    • Regnante imperpetuum et mundi monarchiam gubernante altithroni <patris> sobole, qui celestia simul et terrestria moderatur. Illius incarnationis anno .dcccciii., indictione vero .vi., contigit quod Æþelfriðo duci omnes sui hæreditarii libri ignis vastatione combusti perierunt. Tali igitur necessitate cogente, predictus dux Eadwardum regem rogavit Æþelredum quoque Æþelfledamque, qui tunc principatum potestatemque gentis Merciorum sub predicto rege tenuerunt, omnes etiam senatores Merciorum, ut ei consentirent et licentiam darent alios sibi libros rescribendi. Tunc illi omnes unanimiter devota mente consenserunt, ut alii ei libri scriberentur eodem modo sicut priores scripti erant, in quantum eos memoriter recordari potuisset. Si vero quoslibet recordari minime potuisset, tunc ei ista cartula in auxilio et affirmatione fieret, ut nullus eum contentiose cum aliis libris affligere valuisset, nec propinquus nec alienus, quamvis aliquis homo de vetustis libris aliquem protulerit, quem prius fraudulenter vel hora ipsius incendii vel aliquo tempore per furtum abstraxisset. Novimus <quoque> quod omnia quæ in hoc mundo contingere solent, aliquando vero tardius, aliquando vero citius, ex memoria mortalium delapsa in oblivionem devenire, nisi in scedulis literarum karacteribus adnotantur. Quapropter in hac cartula innotescere ratum atque gratum satisque commodum duximus de illa videlicet terra æt Gisladune .x. cassatorum quod eam <Ceonulfus> rex inclitus Merciorum suo fideli Beornoþo comiti condonavit sibi suisque ‘post se’ perhenniter heredibus liberam, cum omni utilitate possidendam, signoque alme crucis suam munivit prerogativam ac fideliter firmavit, cum silvis, pratis ac paschuis omnibusque utilitatibus perpetualiter possidendam. + Eadwardus rex + Æþelred + Aþelfled + Wilfere bisceop + Werferd bisceop + Plegmund archiepiscopus + Wimund bisceop + Eadgar bisceop + Æþelwerd + Osferd + Orlaf + Aþelun abb’ + subscripsi.
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    • Ruling forever and governing the kingdom of the world as the offspring of the Father seated on high, Who regulates heavenly and earthly things together. In the year 903 of His incarnation, in indiction 6, it happened to Æthelfrith, dux, that all his deeds of title perished in the destruction of a fire. Therefore impelled by such a necessity, the aforementioned dux asked King Edward, also Æthelred and Æthelflæd, who then held rulership and power over the Mercian people under the aforementioned king, also all the senatores [? members of the witan], that they should permit him and give authorisation for the rewriting of replacement charters for him. Then they all unanimously with devout intent agreed that other [i.e., replacement] charters be written for him in the same way as the previous ones had been written insofar as he was able to recall them from memory. If indeed he was not able to remember these, then this document can be an aid and confirmation for him, so that no-one might prevail in assailing him in a law suit with other charters, neither a relative nor a stranger, although another man might present one of the old charters that he had removed deceitfully, either in the hour of the fire itself or at another time by theft. We also know that all things that customarily take place in this world, sometimes somewhat slowly, sometimes rather more quickly, pass from the failing memory of mortals into oblivion, unless they are recorded in written documents. Wherefore, in this charter we have caused to make known that it is accepted and pleasing and very appropriate concerning that land of ten hides, namely at Islington, which Cenwulf, the celebrated king of the Mercians, gave to his faithful comes, Beornnoth, to be free for himself and for his heirs in perpetuity ‘after him’, to be held with every appurtenance, and he strengthened his grant with the mark of the nourishing cross and faithfully confirmed it, to be possessed in perpetuity with woods, meadows and marshes and all appurtenances. + Edward, king + Æthelred + Æthelflæd + Wulfhere, bishop [of Dorchester or Lichfield] + Wærfrith, bishop [of Worcester] + Plegmund, archbishop [of Canterbury] + Wigmund, bishop [of Dorchester or Lichfield] + Edgar, bishop [of Hereford] + Æthelweard + Osfrith + Ordlaf + Æthelhun, abbot, + subscribed.
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    • Regnante imperpetuum et mundi monarchiam gubernante Altithroni patri sobole qui celestia simul et terrestria moderatur, illius incarnationis anno DCCCC III Indictione vero vi, contigit quod Æˇelfri∂o duci omnes sui hæreditarii libri ignis vastatione combusti perierunt. Tali igitur necessitate cogente predictus dux Eadwardum regem rogavit Æˇelredum quoque Æˇelfledamque qui tunc principatum potestatemque gentis Merciorum sub predicto rege tenuerunt, omnes etiam senatores Merciorum ut ei consentirent et licentiam darent alios sibi libros rescribendi. Tunc illi omnes unanimiter devota mente consenserunt ut alii et libri scriberentur eodem modo sicut priores scripti erant, in quantum eos memoriter recordari potuisset. Si vero quoslibet recordari minime potuisset, tunc ei ista cartula in auxilio et affirmatione fieret ut nullus eum contentiose cum aliis libris affligere valuisset nec proprinquus nec alienus, quamvis aliquis homo de vetustis libris aliquem protulerit quem prius fraudulenter vel hora ipsius incendii vel aliquo tempore per furtum abstraxisset. Novimus quodque quod omnia quæ in hoc mundo contingere solent aliquando vero tardius aliquando vero citius ex memoria mortalium delapsa in oblivionem devenire nisi in scedulis literarum karacteribus adnotantur. Quapropter in hac cartula innotescere ratum atque gratum satisque commodum duximus de illa videlicet terra æt Gisladune x. cassatorum quod eam Cronulfus rex inclitus Merciorum suo fideli Beornoˇo comiti condonavit sibi suisque post se perhenniter heredibus liberam cum omni utilitate possidendam, signoque alme crucis suam munivit prerogativam ac fideliter firmavit cum silvis pratis ac paschuis omnibusque utilitatibus perpetualiter possidendam. + Eadwardus rex + Æˇelred + Aˇelfled + Wilfere bisceop + Werferd b[isceop] + Plegmund Archiepiscopus + Wimund b[isceop] + Eadgar b[isceop] + Æˇelwerd + Osferd + Orlaf + Aˇelun Abb. + subscripsi.