S 731

A.D. 964 = 963 (Gloucester, 28 December). King Edgar to St Mary's Abbey, Worcester; grant of privileges for land at Cropthorne, Overbury, Pendock, Worcs.; Teddington, Gloucs.; Mitton in Bredon, Sedgeberrow, Worcs.; Northwick in Blockley, Evenlode, Daylesford, Dorn in Batsford, Icomb, Gloucs.; Shipston-on-Stour, Blackwell in Tredington, Warwicks.; Grimley, Little Witley, Knightwick, Hallow, Harvington, Bredon, Worcs.; Blockley, Gloucs.; Tredington, Warwicks; together with the creation of the triple Hundred of Oswaldslow. Latin with English

Archive:

Worcester

MSS:

London, Public Record Office, C 66, 1 Edw. IV, pt 6, m. 23
1. London, British Library, Harley 7513 (s. xii med.; s. xii1; BA Facs. 40; Hickes, Diss. Epist., plate at end)
2. Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 101, pp. 295-298 (s. xvi)
3. Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 111, pp. 137-311, pp. 163-165 (s. xvi)
4. Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 111, pp. 137-311, pp. 295-298 (s. xvi)
5. London, British Library, Arundel 26, f. 51r-v (s. xvi)
6. London, British Library, Cotton Vitellius C. IX, f. 58r-v (s. xvii)
7. London, British Library, Cotton Vitellius C. IX, f. 131r (s. xvii)
8. London, British Library, Cotton Vitellius D. VII, ff. 27r-28v (s. xvi)
9. London, British Library, Harley 358, ff. 48v-49v (s. xvi)
10. London, British Library, Harley 6842, f. 80r-v (s. xvii)
11. London, British Library, Lansdowne 447, ff. 22v-23v (s. xvii)
12. London, Public Record Office, C 53, 6 Edw. II, no. 25
13. London, Public Record Office, C 53, 3 Edw. III, no. 23
14. London, Public Record Office, C 53, 9 Edw. III, no. 49
15. London, Public Record Office, C 53, 14 Ric. II, no. 10
16. London, Public Record Office, C 53, 15-17 Ric. II, no. 2
17. London, Public Record Office, C 66, 4 Edw. IV, pt. 3, m. 3
18. London, Public Record Office, C 66, 1 Ric. II, pt 4, m. 3
19. London, Public Record Office, C 66, 2 Hen. IV, pt 1, m. 17
20. London, Public Record Office, C 66, 2 Hen. IV, pt 1, m. 23
21. London, Public Record Office, C 56, 15, no. 15
22. London, Public Record Office, C 56, 37, no. 6
23. London, Society of Antiquaries, 128 (s. xvii)
24. London, Society of Antiquaries, 128 (s. xvii)
25. Oxford, Bodleian Library, Dodsworth 24 (S.C. 4167), ff. 64r-67r (s. xvii)
26. Oxford, Bodleian Library, Dodsworth 110 (S.C. 5051), ff. 73r-75r (s. xvii)
27. Oxford, Bodleian Library, Dugdale 11 (S.C. 6501), ff. 20v-21v (s. xvii)
28. Oxford, Bodleian Library, Rawlinson B 204, ff. 160v-162v (s. xviii)
29. Oxford, Bodleian Library, Rawlinson B 204, ff. 190r-192v (s. xviii)
30. Worcester, DC., Add. MSS (in the safe) (s. xv)
31. Worcester, DC., A 2, pp. 21-24 (s. xiv)
32. Worcester, DC., A 2, pp. 176-177 (s. xv)
33. Worcester, DC., A 4, ff. 1r-2v (s. xiii med.)

Printed:

Spelman, Concilia, i. 432; Mon. Angl., i. 140-1; Alford 1663, iii. 333-4; Hearne, Heming, pp. 517-22, ex MS 6; Wilkins, Concilia, i. 239-40, incomplete, ex Spelman; K, 514, ex Spelman; K, vol. vi 237-42 (no. 514), ex MS 1; Mon. Angl. (rev. edn), i. 617-18; Thorpe, pp. 211-15; Hale, Worcester Reg., pp. 21-4, ex MSS 31, 32; B, 1135, ex MS 1; John 1960, pp. 162-6, ex MSS 1, 12; Darlington, Cart. Worc., pp. 4-7

Comments:

Hickes, Diss. Epist., pp. 86-7; Vinogradoff 1908, p. 84, spurious; Plummer 1892; 1899, ii, pp. 133, 162, 185, spurious; Taylor 1894, pp. 115-16, spurious; Napier and Stevenson, p. 85, doubtful; Maitland 1897, p. 268, some improvement in favour of the monks; Liebermann 1900, p. 18, spurious; Liebermann, Gesetze, ii. 638, spurious; Stevenson 1904, p. 202 n. 2, doubtful; Harmer, Writs, p. 267 n. 2, may be founded on authentic material; Drögereit 1952, p. 69, spurious; John 1960, pp. 80-139, 166-7, interpolated; PN Gloucs., ii, p. xi; John 1966, pp. 58-9, 71-2 n., 163-4, 237-43, 263-4, partly authentic; Galbraith 1967, pp. 100-1, spurious; Darlington, Cart. Worc., pp. xiii-xix, 6-7, spurious, absence from 11th-century Worcester cartularies suggests S 731 not then in existence; HRH, p. 230, controversial but agreed to be spurious in present form, subscriptions are probably consistent; Finberg, ECWM, no. 109 (pp. 56, 112), authentic basis; O'Donovan 1973, p. 95, should be dated late in 963; Brooks 1974, p. 229, beyond doubt a 12th-century forgery; Cox 1975, pp. 35-6, interpolated but based on genuine information; Sawyer 1975, pp. 85-7, interpolated at best; John 1977, pp. 192-3, authentic; Hooke 1990, pp. 145-7; Whybra 1990, pp. 91-106; BA Facs., p. 11, on history of MS 1; Dumville 1992, pp. 167-8, in present from a mid 12th-century document; Barrow 1992, pp. 69-71, on background to fabrication; Lapidge 1993, pp. 184, 187-8; Crosby 1994, pp. 237-8, on background; Wormald 1995, pp. 126-8; Baker and Holt 1996, p. 138, on Hallow; Barrow 1996, pp. 85, 97; Bassett 1996, pp. 169-72, on estates; Bullough 1996, p. 13; Wormald 1996; Hare 1997, p. 65, forgery; Hooke 1999, pp. 48-50; Wormald, English Law, p. 136 n. 74; Thornton 2001, p. 56 , forgery; Barrow 2001, p. 92 n. 57

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    • Altitonantis Dei largiflua clementia qui est rex regum et dominus dominantium Ego Eadgarus Anglorum basileus . omniumque regum insularum oceani que Brytanniam circumjacent cunctarumque nationum quæ infra eam includuntur imperator et dominus ; gratias ago ipsi Deo omnipotenti regi meo . qui meum imperium sic ampliavit et exaltavit super regnum patrum meorum ; Qui licet monarchiam totius Angliæ adepti sint a tempore Æˇelstani qui primus regum Anglorum omnes nationes quæ Brytanniam incolunt sibi armis subegit . nullus tamen eorum ultra ejus fines imperium suum dilatare aggressus est . Mihi autem concessit propitia divinitas cum Anglorum imperio omnia regna insularum oceani cum suis ferocissimis regibus usque Norregiam . maximamque partem Hiberniæ cum sua nobilissima civitate Dublina Anglorum regno subjugare ; quos etiam omnes meis imperiis colla subdere Dei favente gratia coegi . ~ Quapropter et ego Christi gloriam et laudem in regno meo exaltare . et ejus servitium amplificare devotus disposui . et per meos fideles fautores Dunstanum videlicet archiepiscopum . et Æˇelwoldum ac Oswaldum episcopos . quos in patres spirituales et consiliatores elegi . magna ex parte secundum quod disposui perfeci . Siquidem temporibus antecessorum meorum regum Anglorum monasteria tam monachorum quam virginum destructa . et penitus neglecta in tota Anglia erant . quæ ego ad Dei laudem pro remedio animæ meæ reparare . et servorum et ancillarum Dei numerum multiplicare devovi . Et ipsis supradictis meis cooperatoribus strenue annitentibus . jam . XL . et VII . monasteria cum monachis 7 sanctimonialibus constitui , et si Christus mihi tamdiu vitam concesserit . usque ad quinquagesimum remissionis numerum meæ devote Deo munificentiæ oblationem protendere decrevi . Vnde nunc in presenti monasterium quod predictus reverendus episcopus Oswaldus in sede episcopali Weo'g'receastre in honore sanctæ Dei genitricis Marie amplificavit . et eliminatis clericorum neniis . et spurcis lasciviis . religiosis Dei servis monachis meo consensu et favore suffultus locavit . ego ipsis monasticæ religionis viris regali auctoritate confirmo ; et consilio 7 astipulatione principum 7 optimatum meorum corroboro 7 consigno . ita ut jam amplius non sit fas neque jus clericis reclamandi quicquam inde . quippe qui magis elegerunt cum sui ordinis periculo et ecclesiastici beneficii dispendio suis uxoribus adherere . quam Deo caste et canonice servire . Et ideo cuncta que illi de ecclesia possederant [c]um ipsa ecclesia . sive ecclesiastica sive secularia tam mobilia quam immobilia ipsis Dei servis monachis ab hac die perpetualiter regiæ munificen[tie jure] deinceps possidenda trado 7 consigno . ita firmiter . ut nulli principum nec etiam ulli episcopo succedenti fas sit aut licitum quicquid [inde] subtrahere aut pervadere aut ab eorum potestate surripere . [et in] clericorum jus iterum traducere . quandiu fides christiana [in Ang]lia perduraverit . Sed et dimidium centuriatum quod Anglice vocatur Cu∂bergehl[awes h]undred . ad quod jacent . L . hide in Croppe∂orne [quas] Offa rex Merciorum quondam familiæ in Weogereceastre donavit . liberas ab omni [re]gali exactione ego ipsis Dei servis cum eadem libertate trado [et con]scribo . Insuper etiam ad supplendum ipsum centuriatum id est hundred ut ex [m]eo dono illud plenum habeant . terras ipsius æcclesiæ quæ hactenus regiæ exactioni subjacebant . ab hac die in perpetuum liberabo . et liberus esse concedo 7 precipio . eas videlicet quæ sunt ultra Avene flumen . quæ istis vocabulis nominatur . Vuera breodun cum Peonedoc . Teotintun cum Myttune . Secgesbearuwe . 7 in monte Wiccisca . Nor∂wica . Eowenland . Dæiglæsford . 7 Dorene . 7 Iccacumb . 7 in ripa Sturæ fluminis Scepwæsctun . 7 ibi juxta eam Blacwælle . 7 in occidentali parte Sabrinæ Grimanlæge cum Wittlæge . 7 Cnihtawice . 7 Hallege cum sibi pertinentibus . et item Herefordtun juxta Avene pro supplendo ut supradiximus centuriatu id est hundred Deo et sanctæ Dei genitrici Mariæ ad usus servorum ejus monachorum scilicet liberas dono . 7 quietas esse precipio deinceps . 7 in perpetuum ab omnibus secularium rerum oneribus duris et levibus . et ab omni servitute et exactionibus fiscalibus magnis 7 modicis . notis 7 ignotis tam regis quam principis . et ministrorum atque exactorum eorum . exceptis pontis et arcis constructione 7 expeditione contra hostem . Habeatque Winsinus reverendus sacerdos quem ipse episcopus Oswaldus me favente et auctoritatem regiam prestante in sede episcopali monachis preposuit . quandiu ipse vixerit omnesque post eum sui successores qui eidem congregationi prepositi fuerint ipsum hundred cum omnibus debitis quæ rex antea in eo habuit . et jus et potestatem earundem possessionum cum tolle 7 teame . Saca 7 socne . et infangene ˇeof . et proprii juris debitum transgressionis . et penam delicti quæ Anglice dicitur ofersæwnesse . 7 gyltwyte . nec sit fas aut potestas cuiquam prepositorum seu exactorum vel ministrorum meorum . nec alicui principi . vel ex succedentium numero pontifici hanc meæ munificentiæ libertatem et concessionis firmitatem in aliquo minuere vel infringere . vel quoquo modo mutare . aut pervadere . aut quocunque ingenio ipsos monachos Dei servos inquietando perturbare . ut aliqua fraudulenta occasione iterum in clericorum aut ipsius episcopi proprium transeant jus . ab ipsorum potestate quorum usui ista concessi et donavi . Providi etiam cauteæ studio ut hæc libertas firmius eis posset perdurare . ne cum regis ministris aut ejus centuriatus id est hundredes exactoribus naumachiæ expeditionem quæ ex tota Anglia regi invenitur faciant . sed cum suo archiductore videlicet episcopo qui eos defendere 7 protegere debet ab omni perturbatione 7 inquietudine . Et quia idem reverendus antistes Oswaldus per suos amicos et meos consiliarios supranominatos videlicet Dunstanum archiepiscopum , et Æˇelwoldum [ ] episcopum et virum magnificum Bryhtno∂um comitem me requisivit et impetravit ut ad confirmandam æcclesiasticarum possessionum libertate[m] su[i] episcopatus , ad centuriatum qui Wulferesl[aw] dicitur quem ipsa æcclesia antiquitus libere possidebat ei conce[de]rem alterum hundredum facere libertate donata de terris æcclesiæ quæ adhuc hactenus [r]egiis exactionibus subjacebant videlicet Breodune . Bleccelea . Tyrdintune . quatinus posset ipse cum monachis suis unam naucupletionem quod Anglice Scypfylle∂ dicitur per se habere . placuit michi hoc ei annuere . tam pro ejus religiosa sanctitate . quam pro ipsorum legatorum reverentia 7 dilectione . Quapropter ego Eadgarus Anglorum rex et basileus Deo et sanctæ Dei genitrici Mariæ ejusque ministro Oswaldo meo fideli episcopo libens annuo et dono huius libertatis privilegium sicut ab ipsis rogatus sum ; scilicet ut ipse episcopus cum monachis suis de istis tribus centuriatibus id est hundredis videlicet Wulfereslaw 7 Winburge trowe et tertio monachorum quod dicitur Cu∂burgelawe constituant unam naucupletionem quod Anglice dicitur Scypfylle∂ oˇˇe scypsocne in loco quem ob ejus memoriam Oswaldeslaw deinceps appellari placuit . ubi querelarum causæ secundum morem patriæ [et] legum jura jure discernantur . habeatque ipse episcopus omnesque sui successores ibi ad jus æcclesiasticum debita transgressionum et poenam delictorum quæ nos dicimus ofersegeness 7 gyltwite et omnia quæcunque rex in suis hundredis habet . ita tamen ne ipsi qui ibi Deo serviunt monachi de suo jure aut libertate quam ad suum hundred eis concessi quicquam perdant . sed habeant ipsi ibi omnia quæ ad suum jus id est ad tertium centuriatum pertinent æque integra . acsi per se separatum essent videlicet debita transgressionum et penam delictorum . et cetera quæ superius comprehensa sunt . quæ eis libere et quiete perpetualiter tenenda concessi . sintque hæc omnia et quæcunque illorum sunt sub ejus manu et potestate qui ipsis in monastici ordinis regimine sub episcopo præpositus fuerit . Qui si se viderint injuste gravari . vel vi opprimi . fas sit eis ad regiæ majestatis et archiepiscopi examen et tutelam . si tamen necesse fuerit confugere . qui propter Deum æquitatem et clementem defensionem eis impendant . Servantibus hæc vita æterna tribuatur a domino in cælestibus . Quiqunque vero imminuerit . vel in pejus mutando subtraxerit eis quicquam de iis ; sit pars ejus cum Dathan et Abiron . et cum Juda traditore domini . et Juliano apostata æcclesiarum Dei oppressore et persecutore . æterno anathemate ligatus cum diabolo et angelis ejus infernalibus ignibus perpetuo cruciandus . nisi resipiscat et emendet . Amen . amen . amen . fiat . fiat . fiat . Facta sunt hæc anna dominicæ nativitatis . DCCCCLXIIII . Indictione . VIII . regni vero Eadgari Anglorum regis . VI . in regia urbe quæ ab incolis Gleaweceastre nominatur in natale domini festi[vitate] sanctorum Innocentum . feria . IIII . ˘is syndon ˇa gewitnesse ˇe ˇær . . . . wæron 7 mid ˇ . . . nunge getrymdon . 7 ˇis . . . [c]urs allinge gefæstnodon uppon allum ∂am ˇe ∂is undo∂ oˇˇe gewania∂ o∂∂e gewemma∂ [o∂]∂e of ∂ære munekan anwalde eft on clerican hand getyrna∂ . + Ego Eadgar basileus Anglorum et imperator regum gentium cum consensu principum et archuntorum meorum hanc meam munificentiam signo crucis Christo corroboro . + Ego Ælfˇry∂ regina consensi . et signo crucis confirmavi . + Ego Dunstan archiepiscopus Doruuernensis æcclesiæ Christi consensi et subscripsi . + Ego Oscytel archiepiscopus Eboracensis æcclesiæ consensi et subscripsi . + Ego Ælfstan episcopus consensi . + Ego Æˇelwold episcopus consensi . + Ego Oswald episcopus conseni . + Ego Osulf episcopus consensi . + Ego Wynsi episcopus consensi . + Ego Wulfric episcopus consensi . + Ego Æscwi abbas . + Ego Osgar abbas . + Ego Ælfstan abbas . + Ego Æˇelgar abbas . + Ego Ælfric abbas . + Ego Kineward abbas . + Ego Ælfere dux . + Ego Brihtno∂ dux . + Ego Ordgar dux . + Ego Ælfæh dux . + Ego Æˇelwold dux . + Ego Æˇelwine dux . + Ego Brihtfer∂ . minister . + Ego Ælfwine . minister . + Ego Æˇelward . minister . + Ego Wulstan . minister . + Ego Ea'r'nulf . minister . + Ego Osulf . minister . + Ego Wulstan . minister . + Ego Leofwine . minister . + Ego Ælfward . minister . + Ego Æˇelmund . minister . + Ego Osward . minister . + Ego Leofwine . minister .